1991 Paper 3 Q6

Year: 1991
Paper: 3
Question Number: 6

Course: UFM Pure
Section: Hyperbolic functions

Difficulty: 1700.0 Banger: 1516.0

Problem

The transformation \(T\) from \(\binom{x}{y}\) to \(\binom{x'}{y'}\) in two-dimensional space is given by \[ \begin{pmatrix}x'\\ y' \end{pmatrix}=\begin{pmatrix}\cosh u & \sinh u\\ \sinh u & \cosh u \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix}x\\ y \end{pmatrix}, \] where \(u\) is a positive real constant. Show that the curve with equation \(x^{2}-y^{2}=1\) is transformed into itself. Find the equations of two straight lines through the origin which transform into themselves. A line, not necessary through the origin, which has gradient \(\tanh v\) transforms under \(T\) into a line with gradient \(\tanh v'\). Show that \(v'=v+u\). The lines \(\ell_{1}\) and \(\ell_{2}\) with gradients \(\tanh v_{1}\) and \(\tanh v_{2}\) transform under \(T\) into lines with gradients \(\tanh v_{1}'\) and \(\tanh v_{2}'\) respectively. Find the relation satisfied by \(v_{1}\) and \(v_{2}\) that is the necessary and sufficient for \(\ell_{1}\) and \(\ell_{2}\) to intersect at the same angle as their transforms. In the case when \(\ell_{1}\) and \(\ell_{2}\) meet at the origin, illustrate in a diagram the relation between \(\ell_{1}\), \(\ell_{2}\) and their transforms.

No solution available for this problem.

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Difficulty Rating: 1700.0

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Banger Rating: 1516.0

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Problem source
The transformation $T$ from $\binom{x}{y}$ to $\binom{x'}{y'}$ in two-dimensional space is given by 
\[
\begin{pmatrix}x'\\
y'
\end{pmatrix}=\begin{pmatrix}\cosh u & \sinh u\\
\sinh u & \cosh u
\end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix}x\\
y
\end{pmatrix},
\]
where $u$ is a positive real constant. Show that the curve with equation
$x^{2}-y^{2}=1$ is transformed into itself. Find the equations of
two straight lines through the origin which transform into themselves. 
A line, not necessary through the origin, which has gradient $\tanh v$
transforms under $T$ into a line with gradient $\tanh v'$. Show
that $v'=v+u$. 
The lines $\ell_{1}$ and $\ell_{2}$ with gradients $\tanh v_{1}$
and $\tanh v_{2}$ transform under $T$ into lines with gradients
$\tanh v_{1}'$ and $\tanh v_{2}'$ respectively. Find the relation
satisfied by $v_{1}$ and $v_{2}$ that is the necessary and sufficient
for $\ell_{1}$ and $\ell_{2}$ to intersect at the same angle as
their transforms. 
In the case when $\ell_{1}$ and $\ell_{2}$ meet at the origin, illustrate
in a diagram the relation between $\ell_{1}$, $\ell_{2}$ and their
transforms.